![]() Moreover, when soda residue become soaked in water, it readily forms highly concentrated solutions of chloride ions which can penetrate into the groundwater, increasing the abundance of corrosive soluble salts in the soil environment, resulting in soil salinization and adversely affecting the surrounding ecological environment. In addition, the soda residues drying in the open air readily form a dust which pollutes the air due to wind. The long-term accumulation of such a large amount of soda residue will place a burden on a number of coastal land resources. As such, over the years, a large volume of soda residue has accumulated in the land area of the north harbor basin in Tianjin Port, forming a “soda residue mountain”, which covers an area of about 3.5 million m 2, as shown in Figure 2. The accumulated soda residue from the Weifang Haihua ammonia-soda factory in Shandong Province has reached 20 million tons, that from the Tangshan Sanyou factory in Hebei Province has exceeded 10 million tons, and over the past 80 years, that produced via the ammonia–alkali process by the Tianjin Soda Plant has exceeded 15 million tons. Over the years, the amount of soda residue produced by ammonia–soda factories in coastal areas in China has increased dramatically. Due to the absence of chemical components in soda residue, such as soluble heavy metals that could pollute the aquatic environment, soda residues are often disposed of by direct dumping into the ocean or by being stacked in the open air in coastal areas this is why most ammonia–soda factories are built in coastal areas. Soda residue is an industrial waste residue generated by the production of soda ash based on the ammonia–soda method (see Figure 1) its makes up about 30% of the total soda ash volume. Sodium carbonate (soda ash, Na 2CO 3) is a basic organic chemical raw material which is widely used in the food, textile, medicine and metallurgical industries, among others. The findings of this paper provide some clear exploration directions for the development of basic theories regarding RC structure durability in coastal SRS environments and go some way to making up for the research gap regarding RC structure durability under corrosive soil environments. Vital issues that must be investigated regarding the durability of RC structures are proposed, including the transport mechanism and a prediction model of corrosive ions, dominated by chloride ions (Cl −), in SRS and RC structures, the deterioration mechanism of RC materials, a long-term performance deduction process of RC components, durability design theory, and effective performance enhancement measures. A series of effective measures for enhancing the durability of RC structures in saline soil, including improvements in concrete strength, reductions in the water–binder ratio, the addition of mineral admixtures and fiber-reinforcing agents, etc., could provide a vital foundation for enhancing the durability of RC structures which are at risk due to coastal SRS. ![]() Our findings show that a corrosive environment, especially when this is a result of coastal SRS, has a significant influence on the deterioration of RC structures, greatly threatening such buildings. In this paper, the deterioration of RC structures due to the corrosive saline-soil environment in China is discussed, and advances in RC structure durability under such circumstances are reviewed. ![]() SRS may be classified by analyzing the quantitative relationships among the corrosive ions it contains. However, current research on the durability of RC structures exposed to the coastal SRS environment has not led to the publication of any reports in the literature. These highly concentrated chloride ions migrate and diffuse in reinforced concrete (RC) structures built on coastal SRS through multiple transport mechanisms. ![]() SRS is rich in a variety of corrosive salts, among which the concentrations of chloride ions are about 2–3 times that of seawater. Soda residue soil (SRS) is a man-made engineering foundation soil formed by soda residue it is mainly distributed in coastal areas in China. ![]()
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